汉语式英语是中国学生在用英语写作过程中出现的主要问题之一。由于中国学生对英汉两种语言在表达习惯和语法结构上存在的差异了解不足,从而导致中国学生在写作时,常常生搬硬套把汉语译成英语,终形成了汉语式英语。这些错误可归纳为以下三种情况:选词。
词汇是英语写作必不可少的基本要素,要写好一篇作文表达自己的思想首先面临的就是选词问题。中国学生选词时,常常受到母语的影响,其表达方式不遵从英语的表达或思维习惯,而按照中国人的表达方式或思维方式进行选词,致使在写作中错误百出。比如:
The price of the computer is very cheap.(这台电脑的价格非常便宜。)
She is my image. (她是我的偶像。)
Because of watching TV constantly, children change lazy.(由于连续不停地看电视,孩子们变懒了。)
My sister listens to the class very carefully.(我的妹妹听课很认真。)
正确的表达是:中小学2-6人小组学科辅导,上海致学教育 www.z***
The price of the computer is very low.She is my idol.
Because of watching TV constantly, children become lazy .
My sister listens to the teacher in the class very carefully.
在书面语中英语句子要写完整,即它应该包含主语和谓语,而且整个句子也必须表述一个完整的意思。中国学生试图使用英语进行交流时,倾向于套用汉语句子的结构。中国学生对句子基本结构不熟悉,在造句子时就容易出现语序混乱、句子结构不完整的错误。比如:My classmates are by bus or by bike to go to school. (我的同学乘公交车或骑自行车去学校。)Depend on my opinion, we should control the time of playing football.(依我看来,我们应该控制踢足球的时间。)
正确的表达是:
My classmates often go to school by bus or by bike.
In my opinion, we should spend less than playing football.
中国学生处于两种不同文化、两种不同思维方式的交汇处,他们所使用的语言常常带有浓厚的汉语文化背影,从而导致篇章结构松散混乱,论点表述不清,句子结构汉语思想痕迹明显。比如:
After entering college, some students think study or non –study is not important. (进了大学校门之后,一些学生认为学不学习并不重要。)
I meet him on campus and asked whether he had eaten supper or not but he did not reply.(我在学校里遇见他并问他有没有吃饭,可是他没有回答。)
正确的表达是:
After entering college, some students think it makes litter difference whether to study hard or not.I meet him on campus and greeted him , but he did not reply.
为了避免汉语式英语,首先,中国学生课下应多多的阅读,只有大量阅读原汁原味的英文资料,才能更多的了解西方国家文化、历史及相关的社会背景等等,这样在写作时选词会更地道。其次,熟悉并掌握句子的基本结构,有利于中国学生正确、完整表达句子。再次,要克服母语对英语写作的干扰,进行一些中英文思维转换训练,终避免出现汉语式英语。